This counterbalancing scheme was used in the following experiment:
GERNSBACHER, M. A., RAIMOND, A. R., BALINGHASAY, M. T., & BOSTON, J.S. (2016). “Special needs” is an ineffective euphemism. Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications, 1:29. DOI
Material Set 1 | Freshman Roommate A | New 2nd-Grade Student A | Workplace Collaborator A | Spring Break Cabin-Mate A | New Basketball Team Player A | Cooking Class Partner A |
Freshman Roommate B
… has special needs |
New 2nd-Grade Student B [control – no label] | Workplace Collaborator B | Spring Break Cabin-Mate B | New Basketball Team Player B | Cooking Class Partner B | |
Freshman Roommate C | New 2nd-Grade Student C | Workplace Collaborator C
… has a disability |
Spring Break Cabin-Mate C [control – no label] | New Basketball Team Player C | Cooking Class Partner C | |
Freshman Roommate D | New 2nd-Grade Student D | Workplace Collaborator D | Spring Break Cabin-Mate D | New Basketball Team Player D
… is autistic |
Cooking Class Partner D [control] | |
Material Set 2 | Freshman Roommate A | New 2nd-Grade Student A | Workplace Collaborator A | Spring Break Cabin-Mate A | New Basketball Team Player A | Cooking Class Partner A |
Freshman Roommate B
… has a disability |
New 2nd-Grade Student B [control] | Workplace Collaborator B | Spring Break Cabin-Mate B | New Basketball Team Player B | Cooking Class Partner B | |
Freshman Roommate C | New 2nd-Grade Student C | Workplace Collaborator C
… has epilepsy |
Spring Break Cabin-Mate C [control] | New Basketball Team Player C | Cooking Class Partner C | |
Freshman Roommate D | New 2nd-Grade Student D | Workplace Collaborator D | Spring Break Cabin-Mate D | New Basketball Team Player D
… has special needs |
Cooking Class Partner D [control] | |
Material Set 3 | Freshman Roommate A | New 2nd-Grade Student A | Workplace Collaborator A | Spring Break Cabin-Mate A | New Basketball Team Player A | Cooking Class Partner A |
Freshman Roommate B
… is blind |
New 2nd-Grade Student B [control] | Workplace Collaborator B | Spring Break Cabin-Mate B | New Basketball Team Player B | Cooking Class Partner B | |
Freshman Roommate C | New 2nd-Grade Student C | Workplace Collaborator C
… has special needs |
Spring Break Cabin-Mate C [control] | New Basketball Team Player C | Cooking Class Partner C | |
Freshman Roommate D | New 2nd-Grade Student D | Workplace Collaborator D | Spring Break Cabin-Mate D | New Basketball Team Player D
… has a disability |
Cooking Class Partner D [control] |
Material Set 4 | Freshman Roommate A | New 2nd-Grade Student A | Workplace Collaborator A | Spring Break Cabin-Mate A | New Basketball Team Player A | Cooking Class Partner A |
Freshman Roommate B [control] | New 2nd-Grade Student B … has special needs | Workplace Collaborator B | Spring Break Cabin-Mate B | New Basketball Team Player B | Cooking Class Partner B | |
Freshman Roommate C | New 2nd-Grade Student C | Workplace Collaborator C [control] | Spring Break Cabin-Mate C
… has a disability |
New Basketball Team Player C | Cooking Class Partner C | |
Freshman Roommate D | New 2nd-Grade Student D | Workplace Collaborator D | Spring Break Cabin-Mate D | New Basketball Team Player D [control] | Cooking Class Partner D … is deaf | |
Material Set 5 | Freshman Roommate A | New 2nd-Grade Student A | Workplace Collaborator A | Spring Break Cabin-Mate A | New Basketball Team Player A | Cooking Class Partner A |
Freshman Roommate B [control] | New 2nd-Grade Student B … has a disability | Workplace Collaborator B | Spring Break Cabin-Mate B | New Basketball Team Player B | Cooking Class Partner B | |
Freshman Roommate C | New 2nd-Grade Student C | Workplace Collaborator C [control] | Spring Break Cabin-Mate C
… has ADHD |
New Basketball Team Player C | Cooking Class Partner C | |
Freshman Roommate D | New 2nd-Grade Student D | Workplace Collaborator D | Spring Break Cabin-Mate D | New Basketball Team Player D [control] | Cooking Class Partner D … has special needs | |
Material Set 6 | Freshman Roommate A | New 2nd-Grade Student A | Workplace Collaborator A | Spring Break Cabin-Mate A | New Basketball Team Player A | Cooking Class Partner A |
Freshman Roommate B [control] | New 2nd-Grade Student B … has Down syndrome | Workplace Collaborator B | Spring Break Cabin-Mate B | New Basketball Team Player B | Cooking Class Partner B | |
Freshman Roommate C | New 2nd-Grade Student C | Workplace Collaborator C [control] | Spring Break Cabin-Mate C
… has special needs |
New Basketball Team Player C | Cooking Class Partner C | |
Freshman Roommate D | New 2nd-Grade Student D | Workplace Collaborator D | Spring Break Cabin-Mate D | New Basketball Team Player D [control] | Cooking Class Partner D … has a disability |